Harrow and clod-crusher.



Patented m. 2,1900.

S. ERNST.

NARROW AND GLOD CRUSHER,

(Application filed May 31, 1899.)

3 sheetg sheet I.

(.No Wlodel.)

No. 640,514. Patented Jan. 2, I900. S. ERNST.

HARROW AND CLOD CRUSHER.

(Application filed May 31, 1899.) (No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Patented Jan. 2, I900.

s. ERNST. HABBUW AND CLOD GRUSMEIB.

(Application filed m 31, 1399.

a Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

M m M a 0 n a lrrrrrn hrrrrhs Farrier tllrrrcie.

fiAlllUEL ERNST, OF GLEN ELDER, KANSAS.

l-lARFOW AND CLOD- CRUdHER.

SPEOIFIChTION forming part of Letters Patent No. 640,514, dated January2, 1900.

Application filed May 31, 1899. Serial No. 718,819. (No model.)

To (0Z5 whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL ERNST, acitizen of the United States, and aresident of Glen Elder, Mitchell county, State of Kansas, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Harrows and Clod -Orushers and mypreferred manner of carrying out the inventionis set forth in thefollowing'full, clear, and exact description, terminating with claimsparticularly specifying the novelty.

This invention relates to barrows, and more especially to that classthereof known as clod-crushers of the drag-bar type; and the object ofthe same is to construct a combined harrow and clod-crusher.

To this end the invention consists in the details hereinafter set forthand claimed and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein-Figure 1 is a plan view of this invention complete, showing theclodcrusher in two parts. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of theclod-crusher and seat-support, showing the former in four parts. Fig. 3is a longitudinal section on the line 3 8 of Fig. 1 looking in thedirection of the arrow and with the harrow in position for use. Fig. iis a similar section on the line 4. it looking in the opposite directionand with the harrow raised so that all its teeth are above the surfaceof the earth. Fig. 5 is a perspective detail showing the clodcrusher insection to illustrate its strap-iron, one connecting-bar disconnectedand slightly removed therefrom and one barrow-bar also slightly removedfrom connection with said bar and with its tooth-shafts in section. Fig.6 is a rear elevation of the clod-crusher made in three sections. Fig. 7is a side elevation showing my preferred construction of harrowbar andthe means for pivoting the shaft of the channel-iron therein. Fig. 8 isa crosssection of this preferred form of barrow-bar, taken just in rearof and looking toward one channel-iron. Figs. 9 and 10 are details offorms of teeth and means for locking them adjustably in place. Fig. 11is a perspective detail of the evener-bar of Fig. 1, its seat andscat-spring, and one of its supports, the members of the latter beingslightly separated.

The clod-crusher proper of this device consists of a board 1, turned upatits front edge or there attached to an upturned board 2,

both of which may be lined on their lower faces with metal, if desired.This board 1 is shown in two sections in Fig. 1 and in four sections inFig. 2, and where the ends of the sections meet they are preferably cutoil on irregular lines 3 and may be connected by chains or hinges 4, soas to permit independent movement vertically, but so as to hold thesections in substantial alinement.

The seat 10 is mounted on a spring 11, carried at the center of a bar12, and the extremities of the latter have eyes 13, mounted on pins letat the upper-ends of blocks 15, each of which has two legs 16 pivotedbetween the upper ends of brackets 17, attached to and rising from thesections of the board 1 and arranged in pairs connected by bolts 18,which pass pivotally through the legs of the block. When the board 1 isin more than two sections, as seen in Fig. 2, there are evener-bars 12,which are supported on these blocks 15 in the manner above described andwhich at their centers carry other pivoted blocks 15, that in turnsupport the extremities of the main bar 12, and the latter carries theseat, which is thus so disposed that the weight of the rideris equallydistributed to all sections of the board 1. These sections have thenecessary and limited vertical movement, which is desirable when thedevice is passing over rough ground.

20 designates a strap-iron, of which there are several, each securedupon the board 1, passing forward through the board 2, and having itsfront end turned up and secured to the latter board, while the edges ofthis upturned portion are bent forward into flanges 22, pierced with anumber of registering holes. 23 designates a connecting-bar pivotallyand adjustably bolted, as at 2 L, at its rear end into a pair of theseholes, so that its body will travel above the ground, and having an upturned front end 25, provided with a series of holes. There are severalof these bars 23, called connecting-bars, because they connect theclod-crusher with the evener-bardescyibed below and cause such membersto move in parallelism, and I consider the upturning of their front endshighly important.

26 designates clevise's connecting one of the holes of all the bars 23with an evener-bar 27, which extends completely across the front of themachine and to which in turn. is at tached the whiffletree 28. The factthat the draft is thus applied to the connecting-bars at pointsconsiderably above the line of their bodies prevents the latter frombeing unduly raised by the pull of the team resisted by the weight ofthe clod-crusher. Thus it will be seen that by adjusting the clevisesthe draft may be applied higher or lower, so as to keep the bars 23substantially horizontal, while by adjusting the bolts 24 said bars willbe caused to draw the clod-crusher-forward without undu1y raising ordepressing its front edge, although the drivers weight will hold itsbody in working position.

The harrow proper comprises a series of barrow-bars 30, each in parts ormade of channel-iron and with a laterally-bent car 31 at its front end,which is adjustably pivoted in one of the holes in the upturned end of acon necting-bar 23 in such manner that the body of the barrow-bar 30will not lie directly over the bar 23 and that the draft on the latterwill not cause the front ends of the former to rise. 32 are tooth-shafts(three are shown herein) journaled through eyes 33 in the harrow-barsand which in turn carry teeth 34:, secured to or through them in anysuitable manner, preferably as described hereinafter, although any othermanner may answer. In Fig. l the harrow is made in two banks, which isaccomplished bysevering the shafts 32 at the center of the machine andhaving one barrow-bar 30 sustain each end of the several shafts. I donot necessarily confine myself to this arrangement, nor do I limitmyself particularly to two banks, as more might be used. 35 designatesoblique braces which might be employed for holding the banks inrectangular position, and it will also be understood that the bar 23might likewise be braced. From this description it will be clear thatthe harrow or either bank thereof can be raised around the bolts whichpivot the ears to the connect ing-bars, as seen in Fig. 4, when it isnot desired that the teeth engage the earth, and any well-known meansmay be provided for holding the harrow in elevated position.

The shafts 32 are journaled in the eyes 33, so that when turned thereinthe teeth can be set at any desired angle to the surface of the earth.

40 are arms rising rigidly from the shafts, and connected by a link 41.42 is a hand-lever pivoted to this link and moving over a toothedsegment 43, also carried by the link, and 44 is a thumb-lever carried bythe main lever and engaging said segment, as well understood. In Fig. 1two of these arrangements are shown, one for each bank, and it will beclear that the driver by properly manipulating the levers 12 can adjustthe angles of all the teeth in either bank simultaneously.

The remainder of this specification describes parts and detailspreferably used in connection with my improved device, al-

though no claim for novelty thereon is made herein. 1 i

In Figs. 7 and S I have shown my preferred manner of journaling saidshafts in the harrow-bars, the preferred construction of the latterbeingalso illustrated therein. 30 is the upper portion, of cast-iron, and 30the lower portion, of steel, these two comprising the harrow-bar andhaving in their adjacent edges complementary portions of eyes 33',corresponding with the eyes 33 above. The forward end of this barrow-baris preferably formed with the ear above described and which is pivotedto the connecting-bar 23. The two portions are rigidly connected bybolts 33" at intervals, and in each eye is journaled a block 50, whichis exteriorly grooved for that purpose. The forward side of this blockis struck on a smaller curvature, as at 51, to fit into the gutteredside of a channeled shaft 32, which I use with this harrowbar, and 32are bolts holding it therein. Thus the block turns in the eye and thechanneled shaft fills out the smaller side 51 of the block, so as toform a perfect bearing, while the shaft is removable from the block andthe latter from the bar at will.

Figs. 9 and 10 show my preferred means of securing the teeth 34 in thechanneled shaft, which latter is provided with registering verticalopenings 320 in its upper and lower sides for this purpose. The body ofthe tooth is passed down through a pair of said openings, and a Wedge340 is driven into the bend of the channel-iron between the same and thetooth, and the latter is preferably notched for the reception of thewedge, which may be angular to cooperate with a corner thereof. I maymake two notches 34: in opposite corners of the tooth at differentelevations or a series of notches 34 in one corner, either planpermitting the tooth to be removed after its point has become worn offor must be sharpened and reset with the wedge 340 in another notch. Theshaft 32 in Fig. 9 is truly semicircular in section, and the wedgeshaped to fit it. That in Fig. 10 comes to an angle midway between itsedges, which angle receives the corner of the wedge. The latter may beindividual wedges for the individual teeth or one continuous wedge forthe entire shaft.

In Fig. 11 I haveshown the evener-bar 12 of Fig. 1 with the members orparts of its support detached the better to illustrate theirconstruction. This view also shows my preferred form of spring for thedrivers seat 10, which consists of a strap of steel 11, bolted at itsupper end below the seat, thence curving around behind the bar 12, andhaving its lower end bolted, as at 11", to either the front of the bar12, as shown, or possibly beneath it. This arrangement secures thegreatest spring action of the spring without bringing the seat and theweight of the operator too hi h.

)ther details of construction will suggest themselves to themanufacturer and can be adopted without departing from the spirit of myinvention. I have shown and described sufficient to give an intelligentunderstanding of the machine, and every farmer will understand itsoperation. The exact shape, proportion, size, and materials of parts arealso matters of preference.

What is claimed as new i 1. In a clod-crusher, the combination with aboard having an upturned front made in sections in transverse alinementand with their meeting ends struck on irregular lines; of an evener-bar,a whiiiietree attached thereto, and connections between the bar and thevarious sections of the board as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a clod-crusher, the combination with a board made in alinedsections flexibly connected at their meeting ends, and draft appliancesfor moving the board; of a pair of brackets on each section, ablochhavinglegs pivoted between the members of each pair, a pin risingfrom the block, an evener-bar having eyes engaging the pins of twoblocks, and a seat supported by the bar in such manner as to distributethe riders weight equally on the various sections, substantially asdescribed.

3. In a device of the character described, the combination with ahorizontal board having an upturned front, strap-irons each socured uponthe hoard, passing through its front, turned up forward thereof, securedthereto, and having forwardly-turned flanges pierced with a series ofregistering holes, of a series of bars adj ustably pivoted at their rearends in said holes, an evener-bar connecting the front ends of all thebars, and draft appliances therefor, substantially as described.

a. In a device of the characterset forth, the combination with aclod-crusher; of a series of parallel bars pivoted at their rear endsthereto and having upturned front ends pierced with a number of holes,an "evenerbar forward of all said bars, draft appliances therefor, andclevises connected with said evener-bar and adjustably engaging certainof said holes, as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a device of the character set forth, the combination with aclod-crusher, connectingbars extending forward therefrom and havingholes in their front ends, an evener-bar connecting the latter, anddraft appliances; of a harrow comprising bars pivoted at their frontends to the holes in the connecting-bars and extending substantiallyparallel therewith, transverse shafts connecting said harrowbars, andteeth depending from the shafts, as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In a device of the character described, the combination with aclod-crusher, connecting-bars extending forwardly therefrom andconnected at their front ends, and the draft appliances; of aharrow madein banks, each comprising bars pivoted at one extremity to saidconnecting-bars and extending substantially parallel therewith,transverse shafts connecting said harrow-bars, and teeth depending fromthe shafts, as and for the purpose set forth.

7 In a device of the character set forth the combination with aclod-crusher, a series of connecting-bars attached to said clod-crusherand extending longitudinally of the machine and having upturned frontends, and means for causing them to move in parallelism; of a harrowcomprising bars each having a laterally-bent ear at its front pivoted tothe front end of one connecting-bar so as to throw the bodies of thebars out of alinement, transverse shafts in said harrow-bars, teeth depending from the shafts and passing between the connecting-bars, andmeans for turning all the shafts simultaneously, as and for the purposeset forth.

8. In a device of the character set forth, the combination with aclod-crusher, an evenerbar forward of and parallel with saidclodcrusher, draft appliances for said bar, and connecting-bars havingstraight bodies piv oted at their rear ends to said clod-crusher andstanding above the ground and upturned front ends pivotally connectedwith said evener-bar; of a harrow pivoted to said upturned front ends sothat its teeth shall be embedded in the earth, and means for adjustingthe angle of said teeth, as and for the purpose set forth.

i). In a combined harrow and clod-crusher, the combination with theclod-crusher made in sections, a seat supported on an evener-bar, andpivotal supports on the sections for the extremity of this bar toequally dispose the riders weight on the various sections; of a harrowmade in banks, each comprising longitudinal bars, transverse shaftsjournaled in these bars, teeth depending from the shafts, andindependent mechanism for each bank located within reach of the driversseat for turning all the shafts therein in unison; and a series ofconnecting bars pivoted at their rear ends to the clod-crusher sectionsand at their front ends to the harrow-bars, and means for moving saidconnecting-bars longitudinally in parallelism, all substantially as setforth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto snbscribed my signature this the10th day of May, A. D. 1899.

SAMUEL ERNS'J.

Witnesses:

G. W. IIARBA'UHH, L. D. Butt,

